Kajian Naratif dan Ironi Teologis: Teguran Allah melalui Keledai Bileam dalam Bilangan 22:21–35
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61132/jbpakk.v4i1.1909Keywords:
Balaam, Narrative Analysis, Old Testament, Talking Donkey, Theological IronyAbstract
This article examines Numbers 22:21–35 through narrative analysis and theological irony. The pericope of Balaam's talking donkey is one of the most unique narratives in the Hebrew Bible, combining supernatural elements with a profound theological critique of a mercenary prophet. This study aims to reveal how the author employs narrative irony as a vehicle for divine rebuke: God uses a mute animal to reprimand a prophet who should have been sensitive to His word. Using the narrative exegesis method that attends to plot, characterization, point of view, and dramatic tension, this article traces the theological meaning behind the irony. Findings indicate that this narrative is not merely miraculous but contains a critique of Balaam's ambiguous motivations between loyalty to God and temptation by material reward. The donkey, ordinarily silent, becomes an instrument of divine correction more obedient than the prophet himself. The theological implication is that God sovereignly uses any means to convey His will, including what is weak and despised by human standards.
Downloads
References
Green, D. (2019). Pengenalan Perjanjian Lama (Terjemahan Indonesia). Malang: Gandum Mas.
Gulo, I. D., & Panjaitan, F. (2022). Konsep penebusan dosa dalam Bilangan 21:4-9 dalam wujud budaya famatö harimao bagi masyarakat Nias. SANCTUM DOMINE: Jurnal Teologi, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.46495/sdjt.v12i1.133
Hasan Susanto. (2021). Hermeneutika Alkitab: Prinsip dan metode penafsiran. Malang: Literatur SAAT.
Latupeirissa, D. (2025). Narasi padang gurun: Tafsir teologis Kitab Bilangan dalam perspektif kontekstual di Indonesia. HARVESTER: Jurnal Teologi Dan Kepemimpinan Kristen, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.52104/harvester.v10i2.410
Maiaweng, P. (2015). Penafsiran narasi Perjanjian Lama. Makassar: Sekolah Tinggi Theologia Jaffray.
Maranatha, C. A. (2024). Penafsiran Alkitab yang dinamis: Hermeneutika kontekstual sebagai pendekatan multidimensional. RERUM: Journal of Biblical Practice, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.55076/rerum.v4i2.339
Napitupulu, S., Sigalingging, A., Simanjuntak, P., & Pasaribu, A. G. (2025). Refleksi model pembinaan warga gereja menurut Kitab Bilangan. Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Dan Humaniora, 4(2).
Pakpahan, B. J. (2020). Mengembalikan malu spiritual: The theology of shame. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia.
Riyadi, E. (2016). Pengantar ke dalam Kitab Suci. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Scheunemann, R. (2009). Panduan lengkap penafsiran Alkitab: Perjanjian Lama & Perjanjian Baru - Menafsirkan Alkitab dengan metode ilmiah dan eksegetis. Yogyakarta: Penerbit ANDI.
Setiawidi, A. (2023). Menggeser fokus: Dari penyembuhan kepada pengakuan verbal (Sebuah tafsir ulang atas Bilangan 21:4-9 dan kontribusinya bagi teologi). GEMA TEOLOGIKA: Jurnal Teologi Kontekstual Dan Filsafat Keilahian, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.21460/gema.2023.81.975
Sianipar, Y. (2024). Misi inklusif Yunus ke Niniwe: Hermeneutika Yunus 3:1-10 dalam konteks pluralisme di Indonesia. LOGIA: Jurnal Teologi Pentakosta, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.37731/log.v6i1.227
Silalahi, B. (2024). Konsep pemeliharaan Allah: Kajian eksegetik Bilangan 9:15-23. Jurnal Katharos: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dan Teologi, 2(1).
Tanasyah, Y., Akimas, H. S., & Yensi. (2024). Eksplorasi murka Allah: Murka Allah terhadap Miryam sebagai ekspresi keadilan Ilahi dalam Bilangan 12:9. CARAKA: Jurnal Teologi Biblika Dan Praktika, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.46348/car.v5i2.285
Verdianto, Y. (2020). Hermeneutika Alkitab dalam sejarah: Prinsip penafsiran Alkitab dari masa ke masa. Mitra Sriwijaya: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristen, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.46974/ms.v1i1.2
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Budi Pekerti Agama Kristen dan Katolik
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
